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<title>epon的博客</title>
<link>http://blogger.org.cn/blog/blog.asp?name=epon</link>
<description>epon的博客</description>
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<title><![CDATA[英语数字用法]]></title>
<link>http://blogger.org.cn/blog/more.asp?name=epon&amp;id=1307</link>
<author>epon</author>
<pubDate>2004/12/26 21:48:17</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[
<P style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><FONT size=3><EM><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆">在汉英笔译和英语写作中，经常会遇到数字；哪些场合用单词表示，哪些场合用阿拉伯数字表示，往往使人难以确定，现行语法书中也极少涉及此类问题。</SPAN></EM><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> </SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> 实际上，以英语为母语的国家，在书写数字时已形成几条约定俗成的规则，现总结如下供读者参考。 </SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> 一. 英美等国的出版社在排版时遵循一条原则，<STRONG><I>即1至10用单词表示，10以上的数目用阿拉伯数字（也有的以100为界限），</I></STRONG>这条原则值得我们行文时借鉴。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> Eg. That table measures ten feet by five.<BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> 那个工作台长10英尺，宽5英尺。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> Eg. The traditional pattern of classroom experience at the college level brings the professor and a group of 20 to 30 students together for a 45-to-50-minute class session two or three times a week.<BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> 由一个教授和十名学生每周会晤两三次，每次授课时间45到50分钟，是大学程度课堂教学的传统方式。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> 二. 人数用阿技伯数字表示显得更简洁明了，但<STRONG><I>不定数量、近似值用单词表示较恰当</I></STRONG>。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> Eg. There are 203817 voters on the electoral rolls.<BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> 选举名单上有203817个投票人。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> Eg. Nearly thirty thousand voters took part in this election.<BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> 近3万个投票人参加了这次选举。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> 三. 遇到<STRONG><I>日期、百分比、带单位的特殊数字，通常用阿拉伯数字</I></STRONG>。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> Eg. Maximum swivel of table is l20.<BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> 工作台的最大回转角度是120度。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> Eg. 3rd March l991或3 March l991；<BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> a discount of 5 percent（5%的折扣）；<BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> Eg. purchased 7 yards of carpet（买7码地毯）； <BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> Eg. ordered 2 pounds of minced steak <BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> （订购2磅剁碎的肉）。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> 如果涉及的数目和单位是不定数，可用单词表示。<BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> Eg. about five miles per hour（每小时大约5英里）<BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> Eg. at least ten yards away（至少有10码远）<BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> Eg. hesitated for a moment or two（犹豫了片刻）<BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> Eg. I have warned you a hundred times（我已经警告你多少遍了）。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> 四. 在科技文章中，数字频繁出现，用阿拉伯数字比用单词陈述更有利。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> Eg. The new engine has a capacity of 4.3 litres and a power out-put of 153 kilowatts at 4400 revolutions per minute.<BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> 这台新发动机的容积为4.3升，转速为每分钟4400转时输出功率是153千瓦。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> Eg. We know that the weight of a cubic foot of air at 0oC and 76cm，pressure is 0.08l pound, or 12 cubic feet of air weigh a pound.<BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> 我们知道，1立方英尺的空气在0摄氏度和760毫米汞柱压力下，重量是0.81磅，也就是说12立方英尺空气的重量是1磅。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"><FONT size=3>五<SPAN lang=EN-US>. <STRONG><I>句首不用阿拉伯数字，句末要尽量避免用阿拉伯数字。</I></STRONG></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"><FONT size=3> Eg. 4th July is an important date in American history.<BR>应该写成The fourth of July...</FONT></SPAN></P>
<P style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> Eg. 19 couples took part in the ballroom dancing competition.<BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> 19对选手参加了交际舞比赛。<BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> 应改写成：Nineteen couples took...</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> Eg. 60％profit was a reported．<BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> 据报道有60％的利润。<BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> 应改写成：Sixty per cent profit</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>…</FONT></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> Eg. 1345 kilograms force was applied at the center point of the bar.<BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> 试验时在杆的中点加1345公斤力。<BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> 可改成When tested, a force of l345 kg was applied...</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> 六. <STRONG><I>遇到分数，可用带连字符号的单词表示</I></STRONG>。<BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN></FONT><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> Eg. At 1east two-thirds of the class have had colds.<BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> 这个班至少有三分之二的学生患重感冒。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P style="WORD-BREAK: break-all"><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体 size=3>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><FONT size=3><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> Eg. Nitrogen forms about four-fifths of the atmosphere. <BR></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="mso-ascii-font-family: 幼圆; mso-fareast-font-family: 幼圆"><FONT face=宋体>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆"> 氮约占大气的五分之四。</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US><FONT face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>]]></description>
</item><item>
<title><![CDATA[confidence]]></title>
<link>http://blogger.org.cn/blog/more.asp?name=epon&amp;id=1306</link>
<author>epon</author>
<pubDate>2004/12/26 21:22:53</pubDate>
<description><![CDATA[<P>confidence</P>]]></description>
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