| « | September 2025 | » | | 日 | 一 | 二 | 三 | 四 | 五 | 六 | | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | | | | | |
|
公告 |
| 欢迎各位讨论P2P网络测量和P2P网络安全方面的问题，不胜感激！ |
| Blog信息 |
|
blog名称:P2P网络安全
日志总数:3
评论数量:22
留言数量:0
访问次数:70373
建立时间:2005年11月15日 |
| |
|
 [P2P综合]Dave Patterson's Writing Advice
文章收藏, 科学研究
Cla 发表于 2005/11/15 15:12:05 |
| Dave Patterson's Writing AdviceMy first advice is to read aloud what you have written. Generally your ear isbetter than your eyes, and if you read it aloud you are much more likely to findawkward sentences, bad tenses, and other errors.I find many people are good at sentences, but less good at forming paragraphs.Ousterhout has a solid rule, which led me to write shorter paragraphs. Aparagraph is about a single idea, with a single key topic sentence. Thissentence is almost always the first, but sometimes the last sentence of theparagraph, and the rest of the sentences somehow support that topic sentence. Ifit works, you can get a quick summary of a section just by reading the topicsentences.I get most of my specific advice from Strunk and White, "Elements of Style",which I call "S&W," I try to read it every few years to learn things. I'll quotefrom it here on common errors I find in grad student writing. (The propercitation is "The elements of style," by William Strunk, Jr. ; with revisions, anintroduction, and a chapter on writing by E.B. White ; [foreword by RogerAngell]. 4th ed. Boston : Allyn and Bacon, c1999. xviii, 105 p. ) My most recentincite is to use the Grammar Checking in M/S Word 98. I did this in my chaptersfor the 3/e of CA:AQA, which consisted of copying and pasting the text fromFramemaker into Word. To turn on the tool, check the "Check grammar" box andthen click on options. I selected "Technical" for Writing style (which was atthe bottom of the menu, with the default being casual); I think this wasimportant, as it was much more helpful after I selected this option. (I turnedoff the spelling checking since it was spell checked in Frame.) I then selected"Settings" to see what I wanted it to check. It found passive voice problems,too long setences, and verb-noun tense problems among other problems. Many ofthe issues listed below are checked in Word. It really helped.a.. Active voice: (S&W rule 14) For example, use "Figure X shows ..." ratherthan "... as shown in Figure X."Also, it is much better to mention a Figure that summarizes a lot of informationearly in a paragraph rather than go into details and mention the figure at theend, as early mention gives the reader a framework to refer to while reading thetext.a.. Ambiguous use of pronoun "This" to summarize sense of previous sentence.(S&W page 16)The writing is virtually always clearer if you sane for every occurrence of"This" (case sensitive) or "This is" and put a noun after "This" to make itclear what you are referring to. I'll find sentences where I'm not really surewhat I meant, which must make it harder for the reader! So search for "This " inyour text to see if a noun follows.a.. "While" instead of "and", "but", "although". (S&W pages 63-64)In general while should be used only in the strict sense of "during the timetime"; S&W give several better ways to convey the same message. So search for"While " in your text to see if the sentence is about time, or could be replacedwith "Although".a.. A single numbered subsectionIts strange to have a single subsection (e.g., 5.2.1 in section 5.2). Why do youneed to number it if there is only one? Either eliminate the single subsection,or change the part that precedes the subsection into a second subsectiona.. Refering to Chapters, Figures, Tables.Its not a easy to understand rule, but normally these names are capitalized whenused to refer to a specifuc number. So its Chapter 1, Table 3.1, Figure 1.2. Ihave seen some people not capitalize section 1, but I don't understand the logicbehind it, so I'd capitalize it also.a.. Little things: label percentages in tables with %, dollars in tables with $Its much easier to look at a list of numbers that are percetages and immediatelyrealize that its a column of percetages if every number has a % after it, vs.just labeling the column as Percent. No one will be confused that this ispercent of a percent of if you do both. Similar arguments for prices and $.a.. Numbers spelled out vs. numerical.The general rule of thumb is to spell out one to ten and use numbers for numbersfor 11 and up. However, I find its much better to consistently use numbers whenthe reader might naturally compare or do arithmetic with the numbers with asentence or a paragraph. For example, " The 8-processor case (model 370) needsonly 4 computers to hold 32 processors. " Blindly following the rule of thumbwould change the sentence to " The eight-processor case (model 370) needs onlyfour computers to hold 32 processors. " Its easier to read and understand we usenumbers (8*4=32) instead of words (eight*four=32).a.. In case you are not familiar, learn about INSPEC from MELVYL so as to makeit MUCH easier to get proper citations. I would adopt its citation style toreduce the amount of typing.If you would like more writing advice, other books are:a.. Frederick Crews and Sandra Schor, "The Borzoi Handbook for Writers (2ndedition)", Alfred A. Knopf Inc., 1989.a.. Linda Flower, "Problem Solving Strategies for Writing (3rd edition)",Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1989.There are probably newer editions of these books. |
|
|
回复:Dave Patterson
文章收藏, 科学研究
bbb(游客)发表评论于2005/11/25 16:59:34 |
| 捕鱼机捕鱼器 超声波捕鱼机超声波捕鱼器 电子捕鱼机电子捕鱼器 电鱼机电鱼器 |
|
» 1 »
|